Studiul particularităţilor manifestării fectului heterozis de diferite tipuri la combinaţiile hibride ale liniilor somaclonale de porumb

Abstract

The aim of this article: the peculiarities study of the different types heterosis effect manifestation based on the use of hybrid combinations of somaclonal maize lines. The greatest contrast effect was established for 85 reproductive heterosis in two groups of crosses (sibling and test- crosses). The contrast effect of the hypothetical heterosis was found for 7 biometric and physiological parameters, which determine the generative heterosis (the number of the panicles branches), the vegetative heterosis (plant height, cob insertion height, leaf length and width) and adaptive heterosis (water retention capacity). The contrast effect of real heterosis was revealed by biometric indicators. The peculiarities of the overall manifestation of hypothetical and real heterosis in hybrid combinations with somaclonal lines allow to give a recommendation of 5 biometric indices (two types of panicle length and all three studied characteristics of the leaves) as an optimal set of indicators of the maize generative and vegetative heterozis expression.