Magnetic field-controlled nanorobots in oncology: emerging approaches for precision drug delivery and minimally invasive cancer therapy

Abstract

The development of targeted cancer therapy has advanced through magnetic field- controlled nanorobots, which show promise for treating solid tumors that traditional methods cannot access. The research investigates both therapeutic advantages and practical implementation of magnetic nanorobots (MNRs) for delivering targeted hyperthermia and controlled medication delivery. The research method employs iron oxide-based nanodevices that receive anticancer drug functionalization and conducts a thorough assessment of current scientific literature together with experimental data obtained from previous in vitro and in vivo studies. The nanorobots show potential to precisely target tumor microenvironments while reducing systemic toxicity through stimulus-dependent active chemical release mechanisms (pH, temperature and magnetic fields). In addition, when exposed to alternating magnetic fields, these devices are built to generate localized heat that aids in the destruction of cancer cells. The novelty of this paper lies in integrating the latest magnetic control technologies in the context of combination therapy, while also navigating the challenges related to biocompatibility, tissue navigation and integration into personalized treatments. The conclusions emphasize the actual potential of MRNs, which are bound to play a significant role in modern oncology, providing a less invasive alternative to conventional treatments.