Articole ştiinţificehttps://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/83012026-04-21T20:22:05Z2026-04-21T20:22:05ZVegetable growing: study of mechanized planting seedlingsMELNIC, IurieMELNIC, AngelaBADIUL, Vladimirhttps://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/359802026-04-21T10:25:58Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZVegetable growing: study of mechanized planting seedlings
MELNIC, Iurie; MELNIC, Angela; BADIUL, Vladimir
Transplanting machines do not fully comply with the agritechnical requirements for the process of planting seedlings. The working parts of current imported planting machines do not always correspond to the physical and mechanical properties of the soil on which it is planned to grow vegetables. The result is a lot of wear on the working parts of the planting machines or failures associated with the machine breaking down in the field while performing work. Preliminary field experiments on planting cabbage seedlings conducted in the early summer of 2023 at the “Polyus-Agro” farm in the village of Kremenchug revealed some design shortcomings of the carousel-type transplanting machine from the Italian company Checchi & Magli, such as: unevenness planting of seedlings; covering plants with soil; clogging of the press wheels and coulter with soil and plant remains. During the experiments, simultaneously with planting, the performance of the equipment for installing a drip irrigation system additional installed on the transplanting machine was also tested. Experiments have shown that this design can be improved by design and technological parameter optimization, which will eliminate the listed disadvantages and improve the quality of planting seedlings.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZThe substantiation of technology and development of technical means for seeding of row cropsSCLEAR, PiotrMELNIC, IurieLîsîi, RaduGHEORGHIȚA, Andreihttps://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/359792026-04-21T08:40:51Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZThe substantiation of technology and development of technical means for seeding of row crops
SCLEAR, Piotr; MELNIC, Iurie; Lîsîi, Radu; GHEORGHIȚA, Andrei
Under conditions of Moldova, the SUPN-8 are the main seeders for sowing row crops. According to the experience and long-term tests of this type of seeders imported in the Republic of Moldova, the seeders do not fully meet the ATR requirements. The percentage of maize plants located at the established planting distance decreases from 45 to 34% when the speed of the seed drill increases. The second characteristic of the most seeders is the process of continuous formation of a furrow with a discrete seed laying, which requires large amounts of energy for make a sowing furrow. Improving the seeding technology and creating the seeding technique able to make the discrete sowing of the row crops at high speeds and with a high degree of planting uniformity at a given planting distance, represents an urgent task. In this context, the no till planting technology of row crops using direct planting of seeds in the holes by the rotary-type seeders is of particular interest.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZCorrection of the inter-repair period of aggregates /nodes / of the machinesMIHOV, MihoMELNIC, Iuriehttps://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/359782026-04-21T06:02:57Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZCorrection of the inter-repair period of aggregates /nodes / of the machines
MIHOV, Miho; MELNIC, Iurie
The stages of the life cycle of complex technical products, such as tractors and self-propelled agricultural machinery, are examined. The need to correct /extend/ the period between repairs of individual aggregates and nodes is justified. For this purpose, a corrective expression was derived for determining the economically expedient extension of the between-repair period of the machine elements, which takes into account the economic effect of extending the repair period, the relative share of the costs of purchasing replacement units and the set value of the confidence probability of the resource of the aggregates.
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZВлияние орошения на рост, развитие и продуктивность подсолнечникаМАЦКОВА, СветланаПАЗЯЕВА, ТатьянаГУМАНЮК, Алексейhttps://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/359772026-04-20T18:40:31Z2024-01-01T00:00:00ZВлияние орошения на рост, развитие и продуктивность подсолнечника
МАЦКОВА, Светлана; ПАЗЯЕВА, Татьяна; ГУМАНЮК, Алексей
Многие ученые и практики говорят о том, что система капельного орошения способствует подаче воды в таком количестве, что необходимо в данный период развития растения. При этом есть возможность контроля стрессовых условий, управляя влагой, то есть основным лимитирующим фактором жизни растений. Основная цель исследований: изучение параметров поливного режима подсолнечника при капельном орошении и определение влияния орошения на рост, развитие и продуктив ность культуры. А также определение такого показателя, как коэффициент суммарного испарения, показывающего, сколько тратится воды на формирование тонны продукции в разные по влагообеспеченности годы. Проводились наблюдения за ростом, развитием, формированием урожая подсолнечника в зависимости от режима орошения. Погодные условия в период наблюдений за подсолнечником были нестабильными, что сказалось как на росте, развитии, так и урожайности культуры. Установили, что на орошаемых участках почвенная влага, как правило, расходуется намного эффективнее, что является фактором обеспечения более высокой продуктивности подсолнечника.; Many scientists and practitioners say that the drip irrigation system helps supplywater in such quantities as is necessary at a given period of plant development. At the sametime, it is possible to control stress conditions by managing moisture, that is, the main limiting factor in plant life. The main goal of the research: to study the parameters of the sunflower irrigation regime with drip irrigation and determine the effect of irrigation on the growth, development and productivity of the crop. And also to determine of such an indicator as the coefficient of total evaporation, which shows how much water is spent on the making of a ton of products in years of different moisture availability. Observations of the growth, development, and formation of the sunflower crop depending on the irrigation regime were carried out. Weather conditions during the period of observation of sunflower were unstable, which affected both the growth, development and yield of the crop. It has been established that in irrigated areas, soil moisture, as a rule, is spent much more efficiently, which is a factor in ensuring higher sunflower productivity.
2024-01-01T00:00:00Z