https://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/8302 2026-11-14T10:45:57Z 2026-11-14T10:45:57Z URSU, Viorica POJAR, Daniela IVANOV, Iurie https://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/37791 2026-11-13T12:05:24Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Expropriation for public utility in the European Union and the Republic of Moldova - a comparative analysis of the legal framework and administrative practice URSU, Viorica; POJAR, Daniela; IVANOV, Iurie The concept of expropriation for public utility plays a pivotal role within the legal systems of democratic societies, serving as a legitimate tool through which public authorities can intervene in private property rights to fulfill public interest goals. This mechanism inherently involves a careful balancing act between the collective welfare and the safeguarding of individual rights, a process governed by nuanced legal frameworks at both the national and European levels. This study examines how the European Union addresses the issue of expropriation by analyzing relevant provisions from both foundational treaties and derived legislation, complemented by the interpretative role of the Court of Justice of the European Union. It delves into fundamental legal concepts-including the requirement of legality, the necessity of proportionality, the justification of public interest, and the obligation of fair reparation-while drawing illustrative examples from national practices in countries such as France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Additionally, the article evaluates the Republic of Moldova’s domestic legislation on expropriation, assessing its degree of convergence with European legal standards and identifying areas where further legislative alignment is needed. By adopting a comparative perspective, the study underlines the importance of harmonizing Moldovan regulations with EU principles in order to strengthen legal certainty and promote the effective protection of property rights within the context of Moldova’s European integration efforts.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z BRIA, Iulia POJAR, Daniela CIUDIN, Oxana https://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/37789 2026-11-13T11:00:08Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Răspunderea disciplinară a salariatului ca instrument de asigurare a disciplinei muncii BRIA, Iulia; POJAR, Daniela; CIUDIN, Oxana Prezenta cercetare examinează instituția răspunderii disciplinare a salariatului ca mijloc juridic de asigurare a disciplinei muncii, analizând modul în care aceasta contribuie la menținerea ordinii și a eficienței în cadrul raporturilor de muncă. Astfel, sunt cercetate premisele legale ale declanșării procedurii disciplinare, etapele de desfășurare a acesteia, aplicarea și efectele sancțiunilor disciplinare, precum și modalitățile de contestare a lor. De aceea am evidențiat importanța principiilor legalității, proporționalității și individualizării sancțiunii disciplinare, subliniind necesitatea respectării garanțiilor procedurale acordate salariatului în cadrul anchetei disciplinare. Totodată, se argumentează că disciplina muncii nu trebuie privită exclusiv ca o formă de subordonare față de angajator, ci ca o expresie a ordinii juridice interne care reflectă echilibrul dintre drepturile și obligațiile părților raportului juridic de muncă. Răspunderea disciplinară, atunci când este aplicată în limitele legale, devine un instrument legitim de consolidare a responsabilității în activitatea de muncă.; The present study examines the institution of the employee’s disciplinary liability as a legal means of ensuring labour discipline, analyzing the manner in which it contributes to maintaining order and efficiency within employment relationships. In this context, the legal premises for initiating disciplinary proceedings are explored, together with the procedural stages thereof, the application and effects of disciplinary sanctions, as well as the available remedies for challenging such measures. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of the principles of legality, proportionality, and individualization of disciplinary sanctions, highlighting the necessity of observing the procedural guarantees afforded to the employee within the framework of the disciplinary investigation. Furthermore, it is argued that labour discipline should not be perceived exclusively as a form of subordination to the employer, but rather as an expression of the internal legal order reflecting the balance between the rights and obligations of the parties to the employment relationship. When applied within the limits prescribed by law, disciplinary liability constitutes a legitimate instrument for strengthening responsibility in the performance of work.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z CHETRARIU, Ancuta DIANU, Irina NETREBA, Natalia SANDU, Iuliana CODINĂ, Georgiana Gabriela GÂTLAN, Anca Mihaela PETRARU, Ancuta AVRĂMIA, Ionut MACARI, Artur DABIJA, Adriana https://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/37672 2026-10-29T09:20:35Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Technological potential and changes in bioactive compounds during ripening of four sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) cultivars grown in the Republic of Moldova CHETRARIU, Ancuta; DIANU, Irina; NETREBA, Natalia; SANDU, Iuliana; CODINĂ, Georgiana Gabriela; GÂTLAN, Anca Mihaela; PETRARU, Ancuta; AVRĂMIA, Ionut; MACARI, Artur; DABIJA, Adriana Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), known as a “superfruit” due to its complex nutritional profile, exhibits significant variations in bioactive compounds depending on variety and ripening stage. This study evaluates the ripening dynamics of four specific varieties-Dora, Cora, Clara, and Mara-cultivated in the Republic of Moldova to identify the optimal harvest window and technological potential for each variety. Over a sevenweek period (August-September), several physicochemical and biochemical parameters were monitored, including pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), total dry matter (TDM), lipid content, color, hardness, vitamin C, total carotenoids content (TCC), and organic acids. Analytical methods such as refractometry, spectrophotometry, and capillary electrophoresis were employed to track these components. A downward trend in TSS and titratable acidity, characteristic of non-climacteric fruits, was observed. The Cora and Mara varieties exhibited the highest productivity and total dry matter content (up to 35.61%), making them suitable for concentrated food products. Clara stood out with the highest lipid accumulation (reaching 2.32%), identifying it as the premium variety for oil extraction. Vitamin C levels generally decreased across all varieties during ripening, with the Mara variety maintaining the highest concentrations (up to 518 mg/100 g). Conversely, total carotenoids showed a peak during full maturity (late August) for most varieties, with Dora reaching the highest values (40.73 mg/100 g). The present study highlights that the optimal harvest time for maximizing bioactive compounds is between late August and early September.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z AVRĂMIA, Ionut MACARI, Artur NETREBA, Natalia DIANU, Irina SANDU, Iuliana BUCULEI, Amelia CHETRARIU, Ancuta OROIAN, Mircea DABIJA, Adriana https://repository.utm.md/handle/5014/37671 2026-10-29T09:03:51Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Multifunctional characterization and inter-annual variability of bioactive compounds in Hippophae rhamnoides L. sea buckthorn varieties AVRĂMIA, Ionut; MACARI, Artur; NETREBA, Natalia; DIANU, Irina; SANDU, Iuliana; BUCULEI, Amelia; CHETRARIU, Ancuta; OROIAN, Mircea; DABIJA, Adriana The growing interest in natural bioactive compounds has positioned sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) as a source of high-value phytochemicals for pharmaceutical and functional applications. Renowned for its complex biochemical profile, this species synthesizes significant levels of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants, notably carotenoids and ascorbic acid (vitamin C). These constituents provide extensive therapeutic and pharmacological benefits, including strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative properties. Consequently, characterizing the exact bioactive composition of sea-buckthorn is essential for identifying cultivars with exceptional multi-functional potential. However, a major challenge in exploiting this botanical resource lies in the significant variability of its chemical profile. While the fundamental pharmacological attributes of the plant are genetically determined, the absolute concentration of its bioactive compounds can vary. Factors such as specific cultivar traits and inter-annual climatic conditions, including severe seasonal droughts, are known to influence secondary metabolite accumulation. Although individual varieties exhibit distinct nutritional profiles, systematic data tracking these fluctuations over consecutive years remain limited, particularly regarding certified cultivars adapted to specific regional ecosystems. To extend current understandings, this study evaluates the multi-functional characteristics and inter-annual stability of 17 distinct sea buckthorn varieties over a continuous three-year monitoring period. Specifically, this research focuses on four select varieties officially registered in the Republic of Moldova Official Catalogue of Plant Varieties and Species.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z